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Date: April 30, 2024 Tue
Time: 2:37 am
Time: 2:37 am
Results for border control (europe)
1 results foundAuthor: Gounev, Philip Title: Better Management of EU Borders Through Cooperation Summary: Since the adoption of the concept of ‘integrated management system for external borders’ by the Laeken European Council in 2001, a number of policy documents have drawn attention to the need for increased inter-agency cooperation at the EU’s external borders. Following the Commission Communication of 7 May 2002 on integrated border management and the Feasibility study of 30 May 2002 on a European Border Police, the Seville European Council approved an ‘Action Plan on the Management of External Borders of the European Union’ (2002). Later, the 2005 Hague Programme built upon the Tampere Programme, setting out the objectives and mapping the development of a ‘second generation’ of measures designed to strengthen management of the external borders in general. Some of the achievements of putting into practice these policy visions and programmes included the establishment of the European Agency for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders (Frontex); and the adoption of the EU Community Code on the rules governing the movement of persons across borders (2006). In addition, the 2005 Community Customs Code (CCC) established a number of systems aiming at tightening security requirements for the movement of goods across international borders. Despite the extensive development of common standards in the management of the EU’s external borders, the forms and extent of cooperation between Customs and Border Guards has been left to the individual Member States. As a result, the forms and extent of cooperation differ greatly, as some countries either have very extensive and substantial cooperation, or have even merged institutions (as in the UK), while in others relations between the two agencies are characterised by a deep divide, competition, and lack of communication. The present report analyses, for the first time, the existing forms of cooperation between Customs and Border Guards, and the obstacles to effective cooperation between them. National, geographic, institutional and cultural factors determine the diversity in border management practices and inter-agency operational modes across the EU. Nevertheless, best practices need to be reviewed and applied, to improve the protection and management of the EU’s external borders. The purpose of this study is both to identify best practices and the obstacles to cooperation between the Border Guard (BG) and Customs agencies and to make recommendations to the Eureopean Commission (EC), the Member States (MSs) and BG and Customs administrations working at the external borders for improving their efficiency and effectiveness through enhanced cooperation. Best practices and obstacles to cooperation were identified based on the information collected from an electronic survey of BG and Customs officers in 26 MSs,8 230 interviews, and 25 site visits to 12 MSs. In addition to the analysis of the legal and operational aspects of cooperation, the underlying institutional, political and cultural contexts in which Customs and BG operate were examined. Details: Sofia, Bulgaria: Center for the Study of Democracy, 2011. 441p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed June 29, 2011 at: http://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/doc_centre/borders/docs/customs_bgs_final.pdf Year: 2011 Country: United States URL: http://ec.europa.eu/home-affairs/doc_centre/borders/docs/customs_bgs_final.pdf Shelf Number: 121893 Keywords: Border Control (Europe)Border Patrol121893Border SecurityCustoms Agencies |